Improvement in coal-stoves



PATENT DAVID C. PROCTOR, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

IMPRCVEMENT IN COAL-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,999, dated May 2,1876; application led March 4, 18776.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID C. Pnoorron, of Peoria, in the county ofPeoria and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Coal-Stoves, of which the following is a specification:

My improvements relate particularly to that class of coal-stoves inwhich the fuel is stored in a magazine located above the lire-chamber,and fed therefrom to the fire by force of gravity as fast as consumed;and it consists in certain novel features of construction, combination,and arrangement, hereinafter more fully described and explained, wherebyI am enabled to adapt the stove for burning hard as well as soft coal,in which, however, the advantages of burning soft coal are the greatest,for with this coal great difficulty has been experienced in preventingit from burning up in the magazine, as it becomes coked, and will notfeed down. This is due to the construction of stoves in which thedraftis generally upward and around the magazine, or in which the draftis taken out at so high a point that the coal in the magazine becomesheated, and expands to such a degreejas to prevent any feed, and, thecoal becomingcoked, all the combustion possible is in the magazine, andthe results are unsatisfactory. Y

Itis to avoid these difficulties that I have devised the broadflat-surface grate in connection with the down-draft dues, the effect ofwhich is a comparatively cool magazine at all times, within a few inchesof the re, the heat being taken directly away from the magazine, and atthe same time carried around in such manner as will render it effective,as the draft is taken out on a line with the fire, and is not permittedto ascend, but is held down to near the door until most of the heat isexhausted, and making'abase-burner as well as a base-heater, referencevbeing had in the de# scription to the accompanying drawings, in whichlFigure lis a longitudinal sectional elevation taken through the middleof a stove embodying my improvements; Fig. ,2, ay partial transversesection, showing the arrangement ofthe base-lines and the grate; Fig. 3,a horirzontal section taken above the grate; Fig. 4, a vertical section,showing the manner of dumping the grate by partially withdrawing it;Fig. 5, a detail, showing the front opening, through which the oinders,Sto., are raked from the grate without withdrawing the latter; and Fig.6,- a section of the same.

A A is the main body or stove proper B, the magazine, of cylindrical,oval, or other suitable form, superimposed thereon and conimunicatingfreely therewith. This magazine is of simple construction, consisting,essentially, of an upright hollow barrel of cast or heavy sheet metal,closed at the top, so as to completely cut off the air, and thuspreclude combustion of the contained fuel. For this purpose the ordinarysliding valve and laterally-swinging top (surmounted with a vessel forwater, or an appropriate ornament) may be used. The lower portion ofcylinder B extends to within a proper distance of the surface, uponwhich is delivered the fuel fed to the lire. The .cylinder B issupported upon the top G of the stove by a ring or flange, D, cast inone piece with, or otherwise rigidly secured upon, the barrel B,and'projecting outwardly therefrom, and resting upon a base,

F, projecting upwardly'from and rigidly secured to the top C, and ofgreater diameter than the barrel, to which it corresponds in form, tomake the space F2 between it and the cylinder. This base F has formed init numerous openings, ff, for receiving panes of mica or isinglass,commonly so called. This series of openings extends completely aroundthe base F, and the light of the fire within, coming up into thespace'F2 between the lower portion of the barrel B and the base F, addsto the cheerful and attractive appearance of the stove, and serves toindicate the condition of the fire.

The base A I prefer to make of a square or oblong form, and it is ofmuch greater area horizontally than the barrel or magazine B. With theview, however, of preventing the heat from coming in contact with themagazine, I make the portion -A' above the plane' of the grate of anupwardly receding or tapering form, and the'top C also to rise from theedges inwardly to the base F of the barrel or magazine, and may beformed with appropriate ornaments, to improve its appearance and extendthe radiating-surface.

Gis the door of the ash-pit, f rmed in its base, at one end thereof,below he plane of Frron the grate H, while the upper draft Gr2 is abovethe door and the plane of the grate. rEhe lower draft may be made in anymanner that will suit the purpose.

The grate is made in three sections, H I I,

the middle one being made removable, and

sliding longitudinally in guides or grooves, and capable of being shakenin that line, to separate ashes and clinkers, and provided for thispurpose with a link, K, accessible through the door. or which mayproject through the door, and the grate be drawn out far enough to bedumped.

As the section H, or grate proper, runs from end to end of the stove,its motion causes fresh coal to descend upon the fire, and spreads thelire over the whole surface of the grate; but it can be removed withoutdifficulty, and cleaned of adhering products of combustion, by drawingit out wholly or dumping it forward.

llhe side sections I I need not be removable. They may, however, be soconstructed,` it' preferred, but do not receive any shaking motion toclear them, as they are of small area, and the coal resting thereon willbe suf'- ciently disturbed by the shaking of grate H. The ashes andother matters which fall through the bars of the sections I I fall uponthe inclined sheds L L of the base-dues M, now to be described.

In order that as unich of the heat as possible may be conducted awayfrom the smoke, gases, Src., arising from the burning fuel, and radiatedthrough the outer walls of the stove, and thus utilized, I form upon theinterior of the base, at each side thereof, and in the angle formed bythe walls and bottom, a base-due, M, formed at the end next the forwardend of the stove'with an upright section or divingilue, M2, reaching asuitable distance above the plane of the grate H I I, and re thereon,and communicating at the other with the chamber N, whence the currentsascend through the flue O. AThis chamber also com-` municates directlywith the re chamber, through an opening, P, in the rear partitionwall,which is adjusted by means of a damper, Q, to be opened when directdraft is needed.

When the iire is burning well, the damp` er may be closed and thecurrent directed through the diving-dues, the external walls receivingheat from it during its passage, and radiatingit to the air of theapartment in: which the stove is placed. This is of much importance.

In rooms heated by base-burning mstoves in general the lower stratum ofair, for a foot or more above the floor, tends to remain cold.

The tendency of heated currents ot' air to rise prevents thedisplacement `of this 'cold stratum. The base o f the stove itselfremains cold, except when the fire is atits height. An arrangement ofdevices for detlecting the currents to the base not only extends theradiatin g-surface thereof', and consequently its econom y in theconsumption of fuel, but heats the lower portion of the room, preventingdampness, and permitting the occupants to conveniently warm their feet.

At the 'forward end of the` stove, within convenient reach of the hand,is an opening,

I2, formed in a fixed front portion of the grate, closed by Yaremovable` lid, R, for permitting the convenient removal of coal,clinkers, stones, and other matters, and so arranged as not to interferewith the reci proeation or re moval ofthe grate H. A removable drawering out of the stove when necessary. The

use of a tire-pot is, moreover, dispensed with, as I design it moreparticularly for the consumption of soft coal.

In Fig. 4 is shown the method of dumping the grate, to effect which, itwill be seen, the cover It is removed from its position in front of thegrate, and the latter drawn forward through the lower doorway sufficientto clear the guide-plate a, when it is tilted down i'n the opening atthe front, and brings the cinders in line with the openings I2, formedat the front, in line and on a level with the grate H, in which positionthe grate forms an upward incline from this opening, and the cinders andashes Vare raked from the grate and fall through such opening. Thisclearing of the grate is effected through the upper door G2- by meansofa rod or scraper.` Generally, however, it is only necessary to clean thegrate by shaking it, and then drawing the cinders and i ashes over thegrate to the front opening, and in which case the grate is not drawn outbeneath said opening; but the grate may be withdrawn from its guidewaysthrough the front door, if desired, and when so withdrawn the sidegrates can be readily cleaned into th ash-pan. 4

The lon g side grates I I incline to their junction with the long middlegrate H.

Thespeeitic construction of the grate herein described forms thesubject` ot' a separate patent to me, bearing even date herewith.

I claim- 1.. The combination of the oblong base A, provided with a grateof fixed and movable sections, of length and width equal to the base,with the top C, base F, and the magazine B, constructed and arrangedsubstantially as herein set forth.

2. The base F, secured upon thetopO, and serving as a support for thebarrel or 'magazine B, said base F being made of greater diameter thanthe magazine, and having between it and the magazine the space F2, andprovided with the window-lights ff, and combined with the oblong broadgrate H I I, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

The combination, with the base A, pro vided with an elevatedlongitudinally-reciproeating grate, H, and fixed side grates I, of theside base-hues M, immediately beneath the side grates, and having theirdiving ends M2 above the plane of the grate, substantially as herein setforth.

4. The combination, with the front-side diving-flue M2 and the reardirectdraft opening P, both arranged above the grate, with the magazinearranged between and above these direct and indirect draft openings, asherein set forth.

5. rIhe combination, with a longitudinally-V nature in the presence oftwo Witnesses.

DAVID C. PRGTOR.

Witnesses:

, JNO. E. HUNTER,

FRANK F.' PRoo'roR.

